UK chess records

[Christopher Kreuzer]

I thought it might be useful, given the records that have been tumbling recently, to have a thread with all (or some) of the UK chess records in one place. Most of the recent ones are youth age-related, but it would be possible to cover senior records here as well.

The youngest ENG player to achieve a GM norm is currently Shreyas Royal aged 13 years and nine months in November 2022:

https://www.ft.com/content/1d5f8a59-a08 ... 25a6b1a6=1

Who held the record before that? Was it David Howell's first GM norm from the 4NCL season 2004/5. If that was May 2005, Howell was aged 14 years and 6 months (he drew with Jon Speelman in round 10 on 29 May 2005 and did not play in round 11). For 4NCL norms, the date is I think the final round of the tournament (30 May 2005 in this case).

Luke McShane's first GM norm was Lippstadt (1998) which finished on 9 August 1998:

https://www.belgianchesshistory.be/tour ... lippstadt/

(Please do not ask me why ZUGZWANG came third.)

That means Luke was aged 14 years and seven months.

I think that is the current order of youngest age for first GM norm for ENG players:

Luke McShane (August 1998, 14 years 7 months)
David Howell (May 2005, 14 years 6 months)
Shreyas Royal (November 2022, 13 years 9 months)

Have there been other teenage first ENG GM norms? Nigel Short, Mickey Adams. Any others? I have struggled to find online a record of the norms Nigel and Mickey first scored at an older age (around 17-18 I think).

Did Luke McShane really lower that record by 3-4 years? No-one else came close to that before or after until David Howell seven years later, and no-one else again for another 17 years until Shreyas Royal?

[NickFaulks]

Please do not ask me why ZUGZWANG came third.

Some tiebreak, direct encounter would work.

[Roger de Coverly]

Have there been other teenage first ENG GM norms? Nigel Short, Mickey Adams. Any others? I have struggled to find online a record of the norms Nigel and Mickey first scored at an older age (around 17-18 I think).

You might want to check Matthew Sadler although he was likely 17-18 as well.

Born in 1974, he became an IM in 1988 and a GM in 1993. No details on when the Norms were achieved at the FIDE site
https://ratings.fide.com/profile/400173

[Christopher Kreuzer]

Thank you, Roger.

I am no closer to identifying the norms made by Adams, Short (or Sadler). Tony Miles got his norms at a young age too:

https://en.chessbase.com/post/remembering-tony-miles

Miles nevertheless won the 1975 London International Tournament ahead of the slightly older players Timman and Adorjan, easily achieving his first GM norm.

https://www.britbase.co.uk/britbase/pgn ... iewer.html

That tournament finished on 28 August 1975, when Miles was already 20 (that is the bar against which all other 'first ENG GM norms' should be set).

The following year, he was invited to a GM tournament in Dubna in the Soviet Union, where he achieved his second GM norm against strong Eastern European competition, earning him the grandmaster title and Slater's prize money. At that time, only two GM norms were required for the title. In 1976, Miles was the youngest grandmaster in the world at the age of 21.

I had not realised only 2 norms were needed. Was there no rating requirement then either?

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1976_in_chess

At Dubna, Vitaly Tseshkovsky runs out the winner with 10/15. Fellow Soviet, Igor Zaitsev finishes second with 9½/15, while Aivars Gipslis, Tony Miles, Vladimir Savon and Alexei Suetin all share third on 9/15. Miles' score is enough to secure him his final GM norm and the title.

It seems that sources like Batsford's FIDE Chess Yearbook 1976/7. And chess magazines and the like (and biographical sources) will obviously help (and those chess tournament gazeteers).

Anyway. Tony Miles's first norm established. Just Sadler, Short and Adams to go. That might be the complete progression of this record.

[Christopher Kreuzer]

Matthew Sadler's second GM norm was at the 16th Lloyds Bank Masters, 22-31 August 1992:

https://www.saund.co.uk/britbase/pgn/19 ... iewer.html

Matthew Sadler confidently and quietly went about acquiring another grandmaster result in a most professional manner. We expect him to notch up another result and the title by the end of the year. James Howell secured his first GM norm.

James Howell was aged 25 at the time. Sadler did not secure the title until the following year (1993). He was aged 18 when he got his second GM norm. Checking for his first norm...

[Christopher Kreuzer]

I should have remembered this. Sadler's first GM norm was in the 1991/2 Hastings Challengers:

https://www.saund.org.uk/britbase/pgn/1 ... iewer.html

Ended 5 January 1992. Sadler was aged 17 years 7 months and 21 days.

For completeness, Sadler's final GM norm was in Budapest in 1993:

https://matthewsadler.me.uk/chess-for-l ... s-a-hobby/

Budapest in 1993 was a very special tournament – I got my final GM norm there in a pretty useful all-play-all tournament and played very well. In particular, I was very happy with my endgame win over Peter Leko and my last game against Liss (later a GM himself) is one of the best games I’ve ever played. My Dad had promised that the whole family would fly over wherever I achieved my GM title, and he kept his word! We celebrated the event by staying a few extra days in Budapest. My brother – a concert pianist – was thrilled to visit Franz Liszt’s house! I also achieved GM norms at Hastings and the Lloyds Bank Masters.

Interesting coverage by William Hartston at the time:

https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-ente ... 67159.html

MATTHEW SADLER, 19, has become England's 21st and youngest grandmaster by winning the Budapest tournament with a score of 9 out of 11, writes William Hartston. Since six years ago, when he briefly held the 'youngest person ever to make an international master norm' title (Judit Polgar promptly cut two years off the record), Sadler has lurked in the shadows of England's other ex-prodigies, Nigel Short and Michael Adams.

That confirms Sadler features in the progression of the IM norm record as well, when he was apparently only 13.

[Christopher Kreuzer]

SUMMARY

Age records for first ENG GM norms (provisional listing):

Anthony Miles (August 1975, 20 years 4 months)
Nigel Short (June 1982, 17 years 0 months)
Michael Adams (???)
Luke McShane (August 1998, 14 years 7 months)
David Howell (May 2005, 14 years 6 months)
Shreyas Royal (November 2022, 13 years 9 months)

Non-records worth noting:

Matthew Sadler (January 1992, 17 years 7 months)
Alan Merry (2014 PokerStars Open, Isle of Man, "aged 17")

Nigel Short's first GM norm was at the 1982 OHRA grandmaster tournament, Amsterdam:

https://www.belgianchesshistory.be/tour ... amsterdam/

Finished 18 June 1982 when Short had only just turned 17, so that knocks Sadler out of the record progression list.

[Christopher Kreuzer]

Mickey's norms were more difficult to track down.

Final GM norm on July 21, 1989, at the Ickicki Masters Tournament in Muswell Hill, London, at the age of 17.

https://www.saund.co.uk/britbase/pgn/19 ... iewer.html

Mickey's first norm was at the 1988 NatWest Young Masters:

https://saund.co.uk/britbase/pgn/198808 ... iewer.html

This finished on 9 September 1988 when Mickey was aged 16 years and 9 months.

Will add second norm here when I find it.

[Christopher Kreuzer]

SUMMARY

Age records for first ENG GM norms (provisional listing):

Anthony Miles (August 1975, 20 years 4 months)
Nigel Short (June 1982, 17 years 0 months)
Michael Adams (September 1988, 16 years 9 months)
Luke McShane (August 1998, 14 years 7 months)
David Howell (May 2005, 14 years 6 months)
Shreyas Royal (November 2022, 13 years 9 months)

[Roger de Coverly]

I had not realised only 2 norms were needed. Was there no rating requirement then either?

I don't know about ratings, but then as now, the requirement was for 25 games if I recall correctly, It could be done in two tournaments because lengthy tournaments, in Tony's case 11 rounds and 15,were more comonplace.

[Christopher Kreuzer]

Thanks, Roger. It should be fairly easy to confirm if any norms missing from the above. I suppose it is just a question of waiting to see if the record can be lowered further in the next few years (keeping the recent attempt on track came close today).

(EDIT: Adding that some of the race between Keene and Miles and what happened at Nice 1974 is covered in this forum thread, and has been covered extensively in the wider literature.)

I wonder how many 'close' attempts there were that do not get recorded? e.g. Did Sadler, McShane, Short, Adams come close to earlier norms. Probably not worth the effort but there may be some examples. Also some performances that look norm-worthy but turned out not to be.

EDIT: Four possibly quite young first GM norms:

*John D. M. Nunn (1955) m [ENG] GM (1978, age: 22-23)
*David R. Norwood (1968) m [ENG] GM (1989, age: 20-21)
*Dharshan Kumaran (1975) m [ENG] GM (1997, age: 21-22)
*Jonathan Rowson (1977) m [SCO] GM (1999, age: 21-22)

It depends on how long between first and third norm. Above is the year the title was awarded.

[Christopher Kreuzer]

David Norwood's first GM norm was also at the 1988 NatWest Young Masters:

https://saund.co.uk/britbase/pgn/198808 ... iewer.html

This finished on 9 September 1988 when Norwood was aged 19 years and 11 months. So a teenage norm, just (if you define teenage as U20).

(Note: Norwood's second GM norm was at the Toronto Open in April 1989 with 7/9 coming joint second.)

[GrahamStuart]

Adams:
2nd: 17 years 7 months - winning Park Hall International outright
GM: 17 years 8 months - winning Icklicki Masters outright

Source: Development of a Grandmaster - Bill and Michael Adams

[Christopher Kreuzer]

Rowson's norm history is recounted here:

https://www.chessscotland.com/grading-r ... wnorm2.htm

Though note the lack of an actual date anywhere on that page...

IM Jonathan Rowson of Aberdeen has recorded a grandmaster norm with an unbeaten score of 7/9 in the Four Nations Chess League.

First norm was "the Hampstead International in October last year."

Final norm was in the 1999 Scottish Chess Championship (in July 1999).

Presumably the 4NCL season mentioned above was the 1997-8 season.

Rowson won the 1st Hampstead GM Open that took place from 18-24 October 1997. He was aged 20 years and 6 months. Which makes this comparable to the age Tony Miles achieved his first GM norm.

[Christopher Kreuzer]

Adams:
2nd: 17 years 7 months - winning Park Hall International outright
GM: 17 years 8 months - winning Icklicki Masters outright

Source: Development of a Grandmaster - Bill and Michael Adams

Thanks, Graham. Some people get lots of norms very quickly... others take a few years. Depends on the context (e.g. studies and work and suitable opportunities).